Productive Or Unproductive (in Norm Is Not Present;

Productive or unproductive (in norm is not present; small quantity - to 30 ml/days; average quantity - 30-100 ml/days; a considerable quantity - 100 ml/days and more. The structure is defined by its place Origins, vagus - or influence, quality and in volume Defeats systems, age of the patient, accompanying Pathology and factors. Types and quantity of a saliva: the Thickness of slime at level Bronchial tubes I, II order-5-10 a micron. Such layer can move particles In weight to 10-12 mg with speed 0, 1 mm for 1 second Approximate structure at the healthy: Alveolar - 80 %; - 10 %; - 10 %). The basic integrated sign of the normal - vjazkost=150-600 (voda=0,01-0,05 ). Viscosity is connected With the maintenance in neutral , , Enzymes and slime. can be: 1. - mucous (to 5 % Dense substances); 2. - purulent (6-10 % of dense substances); 3. - (more than 11 % of dense substances); 4. - watery, foamy, , multilayered etc. Smelling as a dirt usually It is connected with an infection, including with and a pneumonia.

Levels Of Many Of These Markers In Whey

Levels of many of these markers in whey Blood correlate with indicators of expressiveness and the sizes COPD at Patients, including respiratory tests (FEV1), level , Carried to an index of weight of a body, tolerance to physical activity and Other There is also a characteristic non-uniform maintenance of leukocytes in various parts Lung fabrics, including , and T-limfotsity (especially CD8 +). Obvious instability (type is marked which constantly destroys in norm a connecting fabric in Lungs) and (type alpha1-antitripsin). It is considered that proteazno/antiproteaznaja instability can cause, process deterioration Inflammations of a lung also it is connected with the genetic Factors of the patient and environment. Thus processes (= pressure) as think, is the important component Speeds of development COPD. More in detail illustration sm. Other important factor of development of an early emphysema Lungs - deficiency 1 (AAT) is important genetic Marker of development COPD. AaT-antiproteazy which show the protective Effect on a lung fabric, forbidding action , which in norm Constantly destroys a superfluous connecting fabric of a lung.

The General Plan Of Specification Of The Nature

The general plan of specification of the nature of an allergy usually includes the review Life, presence of pets, tests on allergy revealing to the house To pincers, cockroaches, soil to pollen and , according to The classical scheme of testing. Usual the respiratory Ways include a tobacco smoke (and secondary smoking), pollution and smokes From wood or gas burning. Tests as can include: · Functional researches of lungs (Lung function tests) = (=): norm, obstructive, , the mixed types of respiratory insufficiency and its degree +, peak volumes and speeds of a stream of air (FEV1) · Rentgenografiju of a thorax with the description of segments, conditions of walls of bronchial tubes, , mobility of a diaphragm, etc. · the blood Analysis, including an index and concentration of antibodies · Arterial gases of blood More in detail sm - http://www.atsqol.org/pulmhyp.asp#specific http://www.chfpatients.com/ph.htm Electrocardiogram: presence or absence of signs of "pulmonary heart" - Cor pulmonale P - a tooth Vertical .

2 History Of Development Of The Basic Disease (=

2 History of development of the basic disease (= illnesses). In this section in chronological sequence It is necessary to describe symptoms and syndromes which disturb the patient or Have forced to address for the help. At the description of each symptom follows To specify: 1) localisation; 2) qualitative characteristics (pains - aching, Pricking, compressing, , etc.); 3) occurrence time (the beginning, Duration, periodicity); 4) circumstances of occurrence (Provoking factors); 5) factors or the medicines strengthening and Weakening display and qualities of a symptom. Section "History of development of the basic disease" Should be as much as possible full at that limit of time which is released To the doctor. As memory and formation allow various interpretation Data from the case record, it is better to use the data of the available Documents and data from stories of patients. This section is on 70-80 % sufficient for definition of the basic (=) a syndrome, and Often and preliminary diagnosis.

Approximately 3 % Of All Patients With COPD

Approximately 3 % of all patients with COPD have This factor. Initial displays at patients COPD with AAT-deficiency Occur on earlier periods of a life, than at patients without AAT - Deficiency. However, in the presence of destructions of fabrics, Connected with an emphysema, processes of regeneration of a fabric to the adequate form Are changed also balance of restoration of a pulmonary fabric it is broken. In the final The account, long superfluous a pulmonary fabric Comes to an end with development of an emphysema of lungs which is characterised Increase in alveoluses and structural damages . Change small is key The factor in development of irreversible loss of normal characteristics of streams Air at COPD. Because of structural changes in walls of bronchial tubes and aerodynamic resistance in departments Bronho-pulmonary system increases. In addition to it The progressing emphysema changes biomechanics of the certificate of breath, and Puffiness, hypoventilation and slime hyperproduction bring the additional The negative contribution to narrowing of an air line.

Fizikalnoe Research Spend In A Standing Position And

Fizikalnoe research spend In a standing position and lying on a back with measurement of arterial pressure. Always the electrocardiogram registers, and at The echo the cardiogramme, for an exception is frequent enough. Further I result the table summarising the basic signs of various kinds Primary estimation of reason Syncope in following situations: The prospective diagnosis Nejromediatornyj type Absence of heart diseases; the long period Presence syncope; occurrence of an attack after unpleasant pictures, kinds, Sounds, smells or a pain; a long finding in hot places; Nausea and vomitings connected with syncope; occurrence of a condition after reception Food; the bodies connected with rotation, at pressure upon sine of the sleepy Arteries; etc. syncope Accelerates occurrence of an attack of event and fear of occurrence of a serious pain, emotional stress. Situational Syncope during or right after , , cough, or food swallowing. Ortostatichesky Carrying out tests - Reduction the HELL On 20 mm Hg or reduction .

Considering Prospect And An Audience Of Readers, I

Considering prospect and an audience of readers, I I prefer to make out the books on the basis of popular and accessible Electronic formats not for ` the mass reader ", and in the help To exclusively doctors and students of medical institutions. Any The user, if necessary, can copy free of charge any section of the book and unpack it in a paper variant. All my books are free, but the postage (an envelope-1,5 of dollar, Mark - 2,5 dollars) and magnetic data carriers ( a card and Other) there is what that money. Order or download parts from mine Site- Introduction Increase in disease, morbidity and Death rates from a bronho-pulmonary pathology in the World it is connected with the big As quantity of factors, the main things from which are considered pollution Environment, atmospheres, ageing of the population and a tobacco smoking. Practical doctors yet have not realised to the full craftiness of the chronic Bronho-pulmonary diseases, and patients underestimate threat of the harmful Habits and a short wind accruing with the years.

This Is Swallowed Imperceptibly And Spontaneously Through Gullet

This is swallowed imperceptibly and spontaneously through Gullet in a gastroenteric path. Accumulation, superfluous manufacture and allocation occurs at: Excessive manufacture in connection with change of the air environment; Changed physical properties ; Change of quality mucous bronchial tubes; Imperfect carrying out of calculations of quantity . Unproductive cough is usually connected with Irritation of respiratory ways also can be mechanical, chemical, Temperature, inflammatory and other nature. Complications at cough arise and Can be connected with persistent cough, the paroxysms stimulating Vomiting; and dizzinesses; an exhaustion; crises of edges; Anguishes of muscles and sheaves; crises of vertebras; the head Pain; spleen ruptures; expansion of veins of a gullet; The phenomena of stress, etc. Diagnostic features of revealing of sharp and chronic cough Sharp or chronic The sharp: virus or ljaringo-traheo-bronchial and at inhalation of allergen or irritating substance. The chronic: a chronic bronchitis (cough With within 3 months in a year not less than 2th years), , a tuberculosis, , an asthma, etc.

2.3 Consecutive Interrogation Of Complaints On Separate Bodies

2.3 Consecutive interrogation of complaints on separate bodies and systems. 2.3.0 General state of health (questionnaire sm). 2.3.1 warmly vascular system (section 4 more in detail see) http://www.nlm.nih.gov/ At the complaint to weariness it is necessary to ask following specifying questions - * How long you feel tired? * the weariness appears Suddenly or gradually? * you feel tired all the day long or Only in the morning i-or in the evening? * you feel more tired at home Or on work? * your weariness decreases after rest? * when you Feel the least tired? Sinkopalnye conditions - * As Often you have a weakness? * that you do, when comes Weakness? * you ever fainted? * weakness occurs Suddenly? * in what position there is a weakness is more often? Whether * noticed You with what, for example, weakness is connected with a chest pain, irregular Heart rhythm, nausea, hunger, , or tolerance In finitenesses and ? Palpitation - * you have what Or heart troubles, drain when or palpitation, irregular Rhythm? * as irregular warm blows are long? * When you have noticed for the first time the irregular Warm rhythm? * you connect a chest pain with ? * As Long palpitation last? * on what warm blows are similar? * that you Do for a stop ? * Warm blows stop Suddenly or gradually? * you considered your pulse during episodes ? * you can tell on what the rhythm counted up by you is similar? * You noticed irregular warm blows at physical activity? * You tested , dizzinesses or headaches in connection with Your irregular a warm rhythm? * what medicines or means.

Better It Is Audible By The Breath End.

Better It is audible by the breath end. It is listened in an initial stage share Pneumonia or in to a tuberculosis phase, it is frequent at a heart attack Lung. Allocate "gentle" - a high-frequency tonality Short noise by duration 5-10 and "rough" the low Tonalities duration nearby 20 - 30 . There is also "late" , arising in second half of breath and Changing with change of position of a body. At change of a pose of the patient Localisation such varies also. The reason of occurrence of it Type is a hypostasis of a fabric of a lung - more often Initial stage of chronic warm insufficiency. "Early" arises Only in the beginning of a breath also it is typical for the earliest stages of the bronchial Asthmas, an asthmatic syndrome and a chronic bronchitis out of an aggravation. Sometimes it is possible to listen and at healthy faces in the first 2-3 Deep breath after long stay in horizontal position And transition in a vertical condition. To distinguish from rattles not simply. It is necessary to remember that the cores Distinctive signs are: 1) small bubbly rattles are audible in both phases Breath - on a breath and on an exhalation, and only in the middle and in The breath end; sonority and quantity of small bubbly rattles after Tussiculations vary, and does not change a timbre and intensity.

Approximate Structure At The Healthy: Alveolar - 80

Approximate Structure at the healthy: Alveolar - 80 %; - 10 %; - 10 % Character and its possible the reason Mucous, transparent, - a virus infection. Flavovirent, Viscous, purulent - a bacterial infection. Rusty - warm Insufficiency. With blood proveins - a share pneumonia (); , viscous - a bronchial asthma; Watery, plentiful - an alveolar cancer of lungs; Plentiful, Fetid - a lung abscess, ; Foamy, pink - a hypostasis Lungs, etc. Schematic anatomy of bronho-pulmonary system The right lung - 3 shares, the left lung - 2 shares, but Both on the right, and at the left on 4 bronchial tubes of II order (zone bronchial tubes). The basic Structure functional unit systems - a segment with Segmentary bronchial tube. In each share allocate: a trunk (a vascular bronchial texture), a kernel - bronho-limfo-vascular formation) and "raincoat". The alveolar fabric, is located in two circles in the thickness about 2 see And though Bronchial tubes are strictly isolated, air can pass from one segment in Another through a time the Crone.

YES Specification Of Presence And The Bronchospasm Nature

YES Specification of presence and the bronchospasm nature NO 6. Whether you marked hypostases standing i-or a short wind at physical activity? NO Pass to Go to 10.* YES 7. Whether you had heart troubles? YES Pass to CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE YES inspection - , auscultation, an electrocardiogram, ultrasonic, etc. NO 8. Whether by you has been recently noticed or a saliva with a blood impurity? NO Pass to Go to 12. ** Careful or a computer tomography Thorax YES 9. Whether you marked recently an acute pain in breasts, palpitation, hypostases of feet and a sudden short wind? YES Look more in detail criteria a pulmonary artery YES In addition an electrocardiogram, coagulability of blood, ultrasonic with Doppler the analysis, etc. NO 10. Whether have. You a fever, a fever and night (evening) sweats with a breast pain, at cough or a deep breath? YES To specify in addition symptoms of a tuberculosis, a sepsis, etc. types of infections. YES Additional researches in a hospital. NO 11. How your weight of a body lately has changed? YES Can be a sign of oncology LUNG CANCER, etc.

An Inflammation Mucous A Stomach, A Spleen, A

An inflammation mucous a stomach, a spleen, a liver or a bilious bubble (gallbladder) Can originally give uncertain complaints to pains which can To be connected and with uncertain discomfort in a breast. Attentive research and time often allow to consider the correct The diagnosis. For example, the pain in top a stomach can originally To be shown as: - a myocardium Heart attack - a back wall left hearts. - A pneumonia, especially at an inflammation of a fabric of a lung near to a diaphragm. - Stratifying an aorta aneurysm can To be presented a chest pain in a combination to a belly pain in Dependences on where there is a stratifying of a wall of an aorta. Some remarks on a problem of a syndrome of a short wind SHORT WIND and its kinds---- So As the short wind is heavy enough suffering for the patients, new Recommendations about diagnostics and treatment of a bronho-pulmonary pathology, Included since 2007 in the official publication of the American Chest Society (ATS) it is confirmed ATS by board of Directors in March, 2007 and it is published on April, 15th, 2007 in the American Magazine of Respiratory and Urgent Medical aid (A.

It Is Not Necessary To Save Time For

It is not necessary to save time for primary gathering the data! The life anamnesis should include: - The transferred diseases (including children's infections) and operations; - The epidemiological anamnesis and the transferred infectious diseases; - the anamnesis; - bad habits and chronic Intoxications; - data on health of relatives (to make a legend Family tree); - family-sexual (for women - Akushersko-gynecologic) the anamnesis; - the social anamnesis; - The occupational history; - the insurance anamnesis. 2.8 Further spend "the General survey" and an estimation of a condition of the patient. Estimation of a condition of a skin - Colour of a skin It is defined by the maintenance in it of various substances:, oksigemo-globina, the restored haemoglobin and carotin, thickness Horn layer, degree of blood supply, etc. Melanin is the basic pigment, from Which colour of a skin, hair and an eye depends. It carries out functions of the filter, Reducing dangerous influence on a skin of ultra-violet beams and such In the image preventing an acute reaction on solar burns and Chronic negative influence of energy of light.

The Truth Experts ATS Recommended Use Of Lower

The truth experts ATS Recommended use of lower values of specifications instead of 80 % The predicted level of a threshold which, usually, defines not Correct or wrong results of tests. Reduction FVC at in absence Reduced relation FEV1 to FVC assumes more often Infringements in lungs. Not proportional reduction of volumes of an exhalation At can result and in reduction FVC. The reasons of the such Reductions of volumes consider the fatness, inadequate breath, , Pregnancy, pleural , pleura tumours, , , pulmonary , muscular diseases, weakness or Diaphragm paralysis, occupational diseases of lungs, consequences Lung resection, warm insufficiency and serious obstruction Lungs. And-or FEV1 it is possible for degree of reduction of volumes FVC To distribute according to the following scheme: As moderated - 70-79 % From the settlement; average - 60-69 %; serious - 50-59 %; very much The serious; - 35-49 % and critical - less than 35 % from settlement. Pay attention that obstruction signs Can be present even, when FEV1/FVC % - above the bottom limit Norms.