3. An Estimation Of Streams Of Air Of

3. An estimation of streams of air of type a loop-volume (analogue 1 = FEV1) Graphic record of simultaneously received Lung volume for the first second of the forced exhalation can be It is useful to full representation about a condition of pulmonary function, but Most precisely this indicator reflects a condition of obstruction of the top Respiratory ways. 4. Diffuzionnaja function of lungs. The condition of this function depends on qualities alveolar and capillary Surfaces of membranes, and as from a condition blood and Conditions of blood circulation limits of a small circle. This indicator Allows to estimate an effective alveolar exchange of oxygen and Carbonic gas with the external air environment. 5. Gases blood (the arterial!). Kislotno-alkaline balance and alveoljarno-arterial gradient on To oxygen can be calculated as And - (a gradient in room air) Can be estimated approximately as (150 - pCO2*1.25) - arterial pO2. This gradient And should be less than 9 for age of the patient of 20 years, And for age of 80 years - less than 24.

Haemodynamic Definition PAH Includes: - Average Pressure Pulmonary

Haemodynamic definition PAH includes: - average pressure pulmonary Arteries> 25 mm Hg; pulmonary capillary pressure of jamming (PCW), size left pressure or it is final Pressure left =15 mm Hg the item; and PVR> 3 units Wood'a. Research of function of expansion of vessels of a small circle of blood circulation ( vasodilator function) for patients with IPAH should be executed in The specialised centres with application calcium channels Long action for the future therapy. Contra-indications for the such The test obvious signs insufficiency of heart are Or haemodynamic instability. 6. The general scheme of treatment of patients from the Russian Academy of Sciences includes Diet, obligatory inoculations, vaccination and pregnancy prevention. Application operated therapies (Warfarin) It is recommended to all patients with IPAH. are used for Symptomatic treatment of overload RV in volume. Treatment by oxygen Recommend only at oxygenation of blood less than 90 %. 7. Courses intravenous (epoprostenol) improve physical patients, haemodynamics and Survival at IPAH illness forms that allows to recommend Exclusive choice of such treatment for the most difficult Patients.

2.7. A Minimum Quantity Of The Information For

2.7. A minimum quantity of the information for end of gathering of the anamnesis. 2.8. The general survey and a condition estimation. 2.8.0 Survey and heads and necks. 2.8.1 Person as an illness mirror. 2.8.2 Examples of skin signs on some illnesses. 2.8.3 Conditions of a hypodermically-fatty fabric and indexes of weight of a body. 2.8.4 Estimation of a condition of kostno-myshechno-articulate system. 2.8.5 Survey and the top finitenesses. 2.8.6 Survey and a thorax. 2.8.7 Perkussija of a thorax. 2.8.8 Auscultation of a thorax. 2.8.9 Surveys and kinds a stomach. 2.8.10 Definition of the sizes of a liver and a spleen . 2.8.11 Definition of the sizes of bodies of a belly cavity by other methods. 2.8.12 Survey and the bottom finitenesses. 2.8.13 Research of a rectum and glands 2.9. A fever syndrome, the theory and practical questions. 2.9.0 Types of fevers. 2.9.1 Inspection of patients at a fever of not clear origin. 2.9.2 Medicinal fevers. 2.10 Features of diagnostics of diseases at elderly patients.

P> 3 Mm 11111 Assignment Negative P In

P> 3 mm 11111 assignment Negative P in V1 QRS at wide S the Deviation axes in right S> R in I . R in V5 - V6 it is lowered in . V1 rs, Rs or rS Modern lines in diagnostics, preventive maintenance and asthma treatment On August, 30th, 2007 NAEPP have let out recommendations to a substantiation of the clinical diagnosis and treatment of a bronchial asthma. (EPR-3) The reconsidered criteria and Principles of a substantiation of the diagnosis of an asthma include and modernise Similar principles on conducting patients with an asthma the published Accordingly in 1991, 1997 and 2002 also represent new strategy For the control of signs of a current and asthma treatment. By this time Prevalence of a bronchial asthma in the USA makes approximately 22 One million person, including 6.5 million children and teenagers is younger 18 Years, and death rate from an asthma and its complications are estimated as in 4000 cases in Year. Under the aegis of NHLBI (national institute of health of the USA), the skilled group of 18 experts collected by committee NAEPP, Leads strict, regular annual selection and the review of the medical Literatures, the best offers and accessible recommendations in principles The control and treatment of patients with a bronchial asthma.

"The Smoking Termination - Unique, The Best Method

"The smoking termination - unique, the best Method and the most profitable way of reduction of risk of development COPD or Stops of its progression, "doctor Selli (the professor of University has told In Boston, Massachusetts). COPD - the term ordinary describing Chronic bronchitis and emphysema of lungs. It, as a rule, slowly The progressing illness of lungs characterised by gradual loss Functions of lungs and first of all with a tobacco smoking. A victim of it Voluntary suffering have the inflammatory answer in Bronchial tubes and a lung fabric in reply to harmful particles or gases from a smoke Cigarettes. Signs of an obstructive syndrome of lungs can include cough, or allocation even before function Lung starts to decrease. Features of the case record and researches of patients with an obstructive syndrome of lungs As much as possible full case record, lives, Family tree and research of the patient - corner stones The diagnosis an obstructive syndrome of lungs. An obstructive syndrome apnoe-gipopnoe Obstructive syndrome apnoe-gipopnoe (=OSAH) It is characterised by episodes of blocking of the top site of the air Lines and occurrence of barriers to a stream of air during a dream.

The Largest A Bosom (sinus Maxillaris) Settles Down

The largest a bosom (sinus maxillaris) settles down in a body of the top jaw and opens in Average nasal course. The steam room has the form truncated three- is more often or Tetrahedral pyramid; size left and right bosoms At one person can be various. In to a bosom Distinguish four additional deepenings, or bays (malar, Frontal, palatal and alveolar), which depending on degree bosoms can change its form and topographical Parity with surrounding fabrics. The frontal bosom (sinua frontalis) is in Frontal bone, has the form of a trihedral pyramid with the basis turned From top to bottom. It is divided by a partition not always occupying the median Position, on two parts; there are also additional partitions. Walls Frontal bosom sometimes have bone ledges and crossbeams, degree bosoms it is various. The bosom is informed with an average nasal Course. The frontal bosom can sometimes be absent. Klinovidnaja bosom (sinus sphenoidalis), located in a body bones, it is divided Partition on right and left (more often not identical) parts (in the separate Cases there are some partitions).

Now It Analyses Confirm DNA: Ours The Most

Now it analyses confirm DNA: ours The most distant ancestors were natives of East Africa and in each of Us are traces of "black" blood. According to the data which have been received Collective of the researchers, the headed E.Simonsom, The professional-anthropologist from the American University Djuka, considerable Brain development, and, hence, and intelligence, has come in a course Evolutions of people later, than considered earlier. A brain (a skull It is found in Egypt) it has appeared less assumed. lived On coast of Nile about 300 million years ago! All of them concern to To "generation" of the general primogenitors of modern people (and monkeys), but this The kind of the first beings has appeared a deadlock branch of evolution of the person, Is, among nowadays existing its animal descendants is not present. People (as nowadays Existing reasonable, and a number of the died out kinds) belong to Evolutionary branch including gibbons, orangutans, gorillas and Chimpanzee. About 40 million years ago from them monkeys have separated New World, for example Capuchins, , and .

THE MAINTENANC Introductio 1. The Historical Inquiry On

THE MAINTENANC Introductio 1. The historical inquiry on an origin of the person and formation of types of a constitution. 2. Classification of types of a constitution, feature of characters and behaviour. 3. A choice of the partner in a constitution for a continuation of the family. 3.0 Some rules of a choice of the candidate in husbands. 3.1 Separate recommendations for choice nominees in the wife. 4. Communication of a constitution, properties of character and behaviour of the person. 4.0 Evropeoidnaja race. 4.1 Mongoloidnaja race. 4.2 Value of wrinkles on a forehead 5. Influence of illnesses on character of the person. 5.0 Person as a mirror of illnesses of the person. 5.1 Definition of longevity on a constitution and other signs. 6. Features of manual patterns, lines on palms and possible properties of character. 6.0 Dermatoglifika and syndromes of illnesses. 7. Other ways of revealing of features of character and behaviour of the person. 7.0 Analysis of handwriting and feature of character.

This The Category Of Illnesses Includes Not Only

This The category of illnesses includes not only a bronchial asthma, sharp and Chronic a bronchitis, an emphysema, illness, but also Some kinds of a pneumonia, alpha-antitripsinovye of a condition and deficiencies, , and (cystic fibrosis). Exhaled stream of air at any of these Conditions it is reduced. The leading mechanism of changes of volume and speed Stream of exhaled air there can be a spasm of bronchial tubes, an inflammation Mucous bronchial tubes, increase in internal volume of a thorax and-or Reduction of volumes easy and air lines because of loss Elasticity of a lung. Use of lower threshold of the normal Indicators for FEV1/FVC the relation offered Global The initiative of Obstructive Illness of the Lung (GOLD) while has a number Lacks of a scientific substantiation also does not include a number of patients from both The ends of an age scale. Thus young patients by criteria GOLD Sometimes concern to "normal", when signs of an obstructive syndrome Are present. In the senior age group at a number of patients at Carrying out the obstruction of respiratory ways, when comes to light No barrier to air stream is present.

Thus Often There Is A Symptom "the Plentiful

Thus often there is a symptom "the plentiful One-stage "allocation . Superfluous allocation and Exhausting cough - frequent signs of a bronho-alveolar cancer (=). Foamy with a pink shade, - a hypostasis sign Lungs, with rusty inclusions, - the certificate Pneumonia. Other characteristics of cough - a cough Sound Low tone it is usually connected with the basic changes of the main things air Lines-throats, a trachea and the main bronchial tubes. Barking cough or a croup with Illnesses of a throat. Sudden, type of exclamations paroxysms of cough with Whooping cough. Night cough - with warm insufficiency, bronchial Asthma and a reflux. If food intake often causes Fits of coughing, - search for a diaphragm hernia, or a reflux. Radiological researches The direct And lateral roentgenogram of a thorax The roentgenogram () bosoms CT a thorax Laboratory tests (, IgE, , tests For definition of collagenic vascular illnesses, , infections) Tests according to pulmonary functions (, tests with , etc.

Thus, For Example, A Syndrome Chronic Obstruction Of

Thus, for example, a syndrome Chronic obstruction of lungs (= illness, = COPD), described in 21st The textbook on to researches of patients (the edition with 1957 on 1998 ), it is defined by means of 40 various signs. But recommended For use in practice receptions and symptoms for diagnosing COPD are very seldom accompanied by instructions of their accuracy, sensitivity Or specificity. Besides, one of these qualitative researches Signs and the symptoms, based on two groups of doctors of universities, Has shown that excessive hobby only criteria COPD results in 12 % in the erroneous diagnosis. It is thus revealed that only 4 parametres (1 - Pulmonary the anamnesis, 2 - a low arrangement of a palatal uvula, 3 - A tobacco smoking with the experience at 40 summer patients and 4 - age in more than 44 years) were as much as possible specific and important in diagnosing COPD. Total (99 %) patients with all 4-mja signs had Positive results, unlike 12 % of patients which had no Any of these signs.

In The Presence Of Bone Defect In Area

In the presence of bone defect in area Lateral walls bosoms its mucous membrane can To adjoin to a firm cover of a brain with area a sine, an optic nerve, an internal carotid. Clinically developmental anomalies are not shown, however at an inflammation of bosoms Nose they not seldom can promote development in orbital and Intracranial complications. Diseases. Inflammatory diseases of bosoms of a nose: - Sinusitis (sinusitis) can be sharp and chronic. (The Antritis, Sfenoidit, Frontit, Etmoidit) see. Allergic diseases of bosoms Arise, as a rule, against an allergic rhinitis (the allergic , ). In a clinical picture prevail Rhinitis symptoms. (The Rhinitis, allergic) see. Pneumosine - a bosom stretching (more often Frontal) air, arising when any Formation (for example a polyp or a mucous membrane) In a mouth plays a role of the valve passing air only in Bosom. In some cases the pneumosine can be caused atypically Proceeding at children's age a frontal bosom. Clinically The pneumosine can be shown by local morbidity in area Defeats, - bosom increase.

) At Research Of Streams Of Air As One

) At research of streams of air as one of the major functions of lungs should consider 1. The maximum forced volume of an exhalation for 1 second (FEV1) which should be repeated three times in 2-3 minutes. 2. To estimate lung volumes, the core from Which is (= TLC), thus if TLC <80 % follows To consider the reasons diseases of lungs. And at TLC> 120 % - presence of the diseases leading to an emphysema. Increase RV (Residual volume) and increase in parity RV/TLC mean Obstructive conditions. 3. An estimation of streams of air of type a loop-volume (analogue 1 = FEV1) Graphic record of simultaneously received Lung volume for the first second of the forced exhalation can be It is useful to full representation about a condition of pulmonary function, but Most precisely this indicator reflects a condition of obstruction of the top Respiratory ways. 4. Diffuzionnaja function of lungs. The condition of this function depends on qualities alveolar and capillary Surfaces of membranes, and as from a condition blood and Conditions of blood circulation limits of a small circle.

Pulmonary Pressure Upon An Exhalation And A Breath

Pulmonary pressure upon an exhalation and a breath Always lower at patients with fatness and hypoventilating Syndrome. Fatness considerably increases work of breath and manufacture because of the reduced interface of work of walls of a thorax And respiratory muscles. Excessive inquiries on oxygen from Respiratory muscles conducts to increase in efforts of breath and can To provoke and show others, connected with breath and warm Activity, illnesses. Despite the aforementioned physiological Infringements, the most important factor in development of a syndrome of hypoventilation at Fatness, possibly. Defect of the central mechanisms of interface in To respiratory control system of biomechanics. It is shown that at the such Patients speed of the answer to inhalations 2, or both is reduced These the answer simultaneously. Defects and thorax deformations At patients with deformations and uglinesses the chest Walls hypoventilation develops again in relation to the reduced To interface of work of a thorax to the changed respiratory volumes Lungs.

(LISTEN - To The Internet Of The Reference

(LISTEN - to the Internet of the reference to the sound Files in illustrations). Plevro-perikardialnye noise - Meets at Pneumonia pleurisy, heart attack of a lung, uraemia, tumour with germination in Pericardium, etc. Arise at simultaneous defeat of a pleura and Pericardium. Plevro-perikardialnye noise differ following signs : 1. It is audible at a breath delay (= ); 2. Amplifies at an exhalation; 3. It is localised in the field of absolute dullness. Maneuvers with breath and cough on a miscellaneous influence On , listened over area of lungs. Deep breaths and Intensity and timbre can temporarily change cough. (Listen under the reference cough in the end of the book). For example, The centres at and are constant And with cough do not vary. At stagnant warm insufficiency sounds can temporarily disappear after deep breaths or after Cough. Change of position of a body of the patient. At Warm insufficiency it is listened more often in Departments of lungs. Such is a serious symptom so Named chronic hypostasis of lungs and always demands the emergency Medical actions.